Year 12 Chemistry - Unit 4
 
Area of Study 1: Industrial Chemistry
 

What do I need to know? 

Refer to the course description and knowledge outcomes that need to be met, as listed below. This information is provided by the VCAA in the Course guidelines. 

This Area of Study focuses on the factors that affect the rate and extent of a chemical reaction. Students study energy profiles and how equilibrium law is applied to homogeneous equilibria. Students conduct experiments to investigate teh effect of temperature, concentration of reactants, pressure and catalysts on hte position of equilibrium of a reaction, and apply Le Chatelier's Principle to explain their results.

Students explore how factors affecting rate and equilibrium are applied to achieve the optimum reaction conditions in hte industrial production of chemicals.

One chemical selected from ammonia, ethene, sulfuric acid or nitric acid is studied in detail.

What are the assessment tasks for this Area of Study?

A summary report including annotations of three practical activities drawn from either Area of Study 1 or 2. At Salesian, we will most likely do the summary report from this Area of Study. This task will be worth 50% of the internal assessment for the Unit. From the second Area of Study (Supplying and Using Energy) assessment will consist of a written report on one practical activity (25%) and an analysis of data using structured questions (a test). This task will also be worth 25%.

Practice tests / Revision sheets

Relevant practice tests in the Energy Area of Study available for student use are: Chemical Enthalpy and Energy

"VCE Chemistry Units 3 and 4" text: relevant chapters are "Chapter 6" (Chemical Equilibrium), "Chapter 7" (Industrial Processes: Iron and Sulfuric acid) and "Chapter 8" (Organic Chemistry). Note that the section of Chapter 7 on Iron is no longer required knowledge, and so can be ignored. 
" Chapter 11" (Enthalpy of Chemical Reactions) is also relevant


Organic Chemistry Help!- 

CHEMystery: Organic Chemistry- 
http://library.thinkquest.org/3659/orgchem/
This student devised Thinkquest site has information about the nature of
organic chemistry, hydrocarbons, alcohols and ethers, amines, carbonyl
compounds, organic polymers and biochemicals. 

Cool video on heat of reaction (sodium acetate)


Make Instant HOT ICE ! - Funny bloopers are a click away 

Cool video on rate of reaction (elephant toothpaste)


Really Foamy Reaction - Click here for more home videos 

Introduction to rate and exothermicity (Part 1)

 

Introduction to rate and exothermicity (Part 2) per Brainiac thermite with liquid nitrogen

 

Course description and outcomes

Outcome 1: Key knowledge

On completion of this Unit students should be able to relate chemical reactions and the relevant concepts (ie, rate, equilibrium, economics) to the production of one of the important industrial chemicals: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ammonia and ethene.

 To achieve this outcome the student should demonstrate knowledge of:

·factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction: concentration, temperature, surface area of solids, use of catalysts; qualitative explanations of changes that increase the rate of reaction; activation energy

· energy profile diagrams for endothermic and exothermic reactions and the use ofthe DH notation

· reversible reactions; the equilibrium law applied to homogeneous equilibria in solution and the gas phase

·        Le Chatelier’s Principle; use of Le Chatelier’s Principle to predict the effect on the position of equilibrium and equilibrium constant, K, arising from change of pressure in gaseous equilibria, change of concentration and change of temperature      

·        the self-ionisation constant of water; Kw and the use of the pH scale

·        the pH of solutions of acids and bases

· the dissociation constants of weak acids, Ka

·        raw materials used in the production of sulfuric acid, the influence of the principles of equilibrium and reaction rates on the production of sulfuric acid; significant reactions and the optimum conditions under which reactions proceed; use of vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst; major uses and the acid-base, redox and dehydrating properties of sulfuric acid

·        the petrochemical industry and its importance to consumers; production of ethene from crude oil; significant reactions and conditions under which reactions proceed; major uses and properties of ethene; reactions of ethene including the formation of ethanol; addition polymerisation; the formation of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene from the relevant monomers